The snapping of overhead power lines or accidental contact with HT conductor (bare) poses a grave risk of electrocution to individuals in close proximity. The high voltage carried by these lines can instantly incapacitate or fatally injure anyone who comes into contact with them. This danger is exacerbated in densely populated areas, where overhead power lines often crisscross residential neighbourhoods, posing a constant threat to unsuspecting residents, especially children and pedestrians. (Refer figure 11)
Furthermore, inadequate maintenance and aging infrastructure increase the likelihood of power line failures. Corrosion, wear and tear, and environmental factors such as storms and strong winds can weaken the structural integrity of power lines, making them susceptible to snapping. In rural areas, where electricity infrastructure may be less robust, the risk of electrocution due to snapped power lines is particularly pronounced, as prompt intervention and repair may be delayed.
Distribution transformers play a crucial role in supplying electricity to homes, businesses, and communities across India. However, these transformers are not immune to faults and malfunctions, which can lead to catastrophic fires. One common cause of transformer fires is overloading, wherein the transformer becomes overwhelmed by excessive demand, causing its components to overheat and ignite flammable materials nearby.
Inadequate cooling systems, poor maintenance, and substandard materials further exacerbate the risk of transformer fires. Over a time, the insulation materials within the transformer degrade, increasing the likelihood of internal arcing – a phenomenon where electrical discharge occurs within the transformer, generating intense heat and sparks. If left unchecked, these sparks can ignite the transformer’s oil coolant, triggering a rapidly spreading fire. (Refer figure 12)
Electrocution and fire incidents involving overhead power lines and distribution transformers have far-reaching consequences for public safety and infrastructure integrity. Beyond the immediate loss of life and property damage, such incidents can disrupt electricity supply to entire communities, leading to widespread blackouts and economic losses. Moreover, the collateral damage caused by fires – including damage to nearby buildings, vegetation, and infrastructure – further compounds the impact on affected areas.
In urban settings, where population density is high and buildings are closely clustered, transformer fires pose a significant threat to public safety. The rapid spread of fire can overwhelm firefighting efforts, putting residents and emergency responders at risk. Additionally, power outages resulting from transformer failures can disrupt essential services such as hospitals, communication networks, and water supply systems, exacerbating the crisis.
Electrocution and Fire Hazards During Rainy Season
India, a country characterized by diverse cultures, traditions, and climatic conditions, faces numerous challenges related to safety during the rainy season and public processions. Among these challenges are the risks of electrocution and fire accidents, which become more pronounced during these periods.
The rainy season in India, typically spanning from June to September, brings relief from scorching heat but also poses threats, especially concerning electrical safety. The combination of heavy rainfall and inadequate infrastructure often leads to electrocution incidents. Poorly insulated wires, malfunctioning electrical appliances, and flooded areas create a lethal environment where even a slight negligence can result in fatal accidents. Moreover, the lack of awareness among the populace exacerbates the risks, as many people are unaware of basic safety measures during monsoons.
One of the primary causes of electrocution during the rainy season is the waterlogging of streets and residential areas. Puddles of water become conductors of electricity, turning seemingly harmless locations into potential death traps. Additionally, damaged power lines dangling precariously or submerged in water pose imminent dangers to unsuspecting individuals. Moreover, the practice of illegal tapping of electricity, rampant in many parts of the country, further heightens the risk of electrocution, as makeshift connections are often poorly insulated and vulnerable to water ingress. (Refer figure 13)
The consequences of electrocution accidents during the rainy season are often catastrophic. Loss of life, injuries, and property damage are common outcomes of such incidents. Families are torn apart, livelihoods disrupted, and communities traumatized by the
sudden and preventable loss of loved ones. Furthermore, the economic burden resulting from medical expenses, legal proceedings, and compensation claims adds to the already dire situation. Moreover, electrocution accidents can also lead to power outages, disrupting essential services and causing inconvenience to the public.
Conclusion (Recommendations & Safety Tips)
Regular Maintenance & Condition Monitoring testing of all the equipment in the system must be done periodically to avoid any hazards. The list of tests to be conducted are summarized in the table 4 below.
Regular Inspections: Conduct routine inspections of electrical systems, wires, outlets, and appliances to identify any signs of wear, damage, or overloading. Engage qualified electricians for these inspections.
Proper Wiring and Installation: Ensure all wiring and electrical installations comply with building codes and standards. Avoid calling unskilled persons electrical work and hire licensed professionals for installations and repairs.
Overload Protection: Use circuit breakers, fuses, and surge protectors to prevent overloading circuits. Distribute electrical loads evenly across circuits and avoid daisy-chaining power strips or extension cords.
Fire Extinguishers and Smoke Alarms: Install smoke alarms in strategic locations and maintain them regularly. Additionally, equip buildings with appropriate fire extinguishers and ensure occupants are trained in their usage.
Clearance and Ventilation: Keep electrical panels, equipment, and outlets clear of obstructions. Adequate ventilation should be maintained around electrical appliances to prevent overheating.
Education and Awareness: Educate residents, employees, and the public about electrical safety practices, including avoiding water contact with electrical appliances, using appliances according to manufacturer instructions, and reporting any electrical issues promptly.
Emergency Preparedness: Develop and communicate emergency procedures for dealing with electrical incidents, including evacuation plans and emergency contact information.
Lightning Protection: All buildings and locations must be assessed for lightning strike and protection devices must be installed.
Processions: During public processions, prioritize safety by using insulated electrical equipment, securing cables to prevent tripping hazards, and avoiding water contact. Regularly inspect all electrical setups and provide adequate supervision. Instruct participants to steer clear of electrical installations and report any hazards immediately. Ensure emergency response plans are in place, including the availability of trained personnel and extinguishing equipment. Conduct thorough risk assessments before each event and communicate safety guidelines effectively to all involved.
Extra precaution to be taken during rainy season or places with water logging as these create lethal environment and pose potential threat to people in the vicinity.
By implementing these recommendations, individuals and organizations can significantly reduce the risk of electrocution and fire hazards in various locations.
Concluded
Dr. Rajesh Kumar Arora obtained the B. Tech. & Master of Engineering (ME) degrees in Electrical Engineering from Delhi College of Engineering, University of Delhi. He completed his PhD in grounding system design from UPES, Dehradun. He is also a certified Energy Manager and Auditor. Presently he is working in D&E (Design and Engineering) Department of Delhi Transco Limited (DTL). His research interests include high voltage technology, grounding system, protection system, computer application and power distribution automation.
