Cable

It is also an important factor for selecting the type of cable. It is to be kept in mind that the cost of the cable should not be such large that it causes loss and another cable may fetch the same results in low cost and loss…- Jignesh Parmar

Self-regulating trace heater cables on roofs or gutters are used to melt ice during winter months. When used in gutters the cable is not meant to keep the gutters free of ice or snow, but only to provide to free path for the melted water to get off the roof and down the downspout or drain piping. Similarly, hot water service piping can be traced, so that a circulating system is not needed to provide hot water at outlets. The combination of trace heating and the correct thermal balance where the heat output from the trace heating matches the heat loss from the pipe. Self –limiting or regulating tapes have been developed and are very useful in this application. In this paper authors like to discuss about development, uses and product classification approach to measure the temperature class of thermopads make self-regulating type trace heater model STF 15 J. - Navin Kumar, A. K. Singh, Arvind Kumar, Prasad Bhukya, Rakesh Kumar Mishra

The BIS authorities, in order to keep pace with the changes in the International specification, applications and usage conditions in India, have been revising the IS 694 Standard from time to time to keep the industry and consumers abreast with these changes. The last (4th) revision of IS 694 took place in the year 2010, and this revision though long overdue, sets norms which are in tune with international specifications. The IS 694: Revision 4: 2010 forms a major basis of our analysis in this article. - Vimal Kumar Chopra

Earth faults are dangerous that’s why it requires proper earthing to prevent undesired current from passing through body of personnel, nearby metallic object and other critical equipment. In this paper, we present the impact of soil resistivity on earth electrode grounding by carrying out extensive measurement of resistance of earth electrode, using the Fall-of-Potential method. Thus, the study revealed that the values of earth electrode resistance should be within range of 1 to 10 Ohms and the results also confirmed that earth electrode resistance has great impact on types of soil in which the earth rod was grounded and hence efforts should be made to improve soil resistivity for effective earthing of the system. - Baljit Singh Tomar, Hardik Rupreliya, Parth Pandya, Akshat Patel, Dhruv Patel

Monitoring the operating state of all e-chains with just one module...

Underground cables offer an affordable and justifiable solution for critical parts and in some cases the entire length of overhead high voltage power lines. With appropriate technology used in appropriate places, the environment impact of underground cables can be minimised… - Munazama Ali

Cables are integral part of every technology and engineering field. Frequent research and development is required to compete with the fast growing infrastructure of other countries by improving the ratings and durability of cables so as to open new applications... - Simmi Sharma

Partial discharges (PD) are in general a consequence of local electrical stress concentrations in the insulation or on the surface of the insulation. Corona is a form of partial discharge that occurs in gaseous media around conductors which are remote from solid or liquid insulation… - Dr B Nagehwar Rao, K P Meena,  R Arunjothi

The challenge is how to perform cable underground installations in the most cost effective manner. The total costs of underground cable systems can vary widely even for the same voltage, power and length, making it difficult to generalise... - Diego Cisilino

The core cables are used generally for a perfectly balanced 3-phase system. The size of neutral depends on the value of the unbalanced current... - Jay B Thakar

Partial discharge inception voltage is one of the most important parameters used to characterise partial discharge. If the PDIV measurement at the new frequency is higher than at 50/60 Hz, it may create false negatives... - Henning Oetjen

Underground cables help in ensuring uninterrupted power supply that are hitherto uncommon in overhead systems. The main hindrance in ensuring uninterrupted power supply through overhead systems is the non-availability of space in developed urban areas. - Dr B S Sreekanthan, M Shravanth Vasisht

Cables are extensively used in photovoltaic systems and their management can often be critical for effective functioning. Various standards for cables used for the purpose are also being discussed. - Dr L Ashok Kumar

After installation and commissioning, all the functions as per individual elements and their interconnected wiring is required to be checked under cold test, i.e.,...

Right selection of cables is not only very important for reliability of power supply and safety of devices as well as human beings present around them, it also prevents loss of assets and saves costly business hours. - K Sivakumar

Constant advances in materials, test standards and procedures ensure reliability and predictability.

Some of HVDC lines in India are the Rihand-Delhi HVDC bipolar 500 kV DC transmission link, having rated capacity of 1500 MW is of length 814 km; Chandrapur-Padghe bipolar line of transmission is of length 753 kms with capacity 1500 MW at 500 kV; Talcher-Kolar 500 kV DC transmission line of length 1836 kms has capacity of 2000 MW and many more lines are in progress... - B Nageshwar Rao

Subsea cable health is a particular challenge for marine energy and offshore renewables due to the hostile environment in which they are placed. The ORCHIDS project is to address this challenge…

The type of underground cable to be used at a particular location is determined by the voltage at which it is re-quired to operate. Underground cables are classified and used at a particular location as per their voltage rating. - Munazama Ali

Strategic mapping of Indian electrical equipment industry - Subhajit Roy, Group Editor